WiFi

The WiFi modules use a WiFi interface supporting monitor mode and packet injection in order to:

  • scan the 802.11 spectrum
  • perform deauthentication attacks on connected client stations
  • perform RSN PMKID based clientless attacks on vulnerable access points
  • automatically sniff and save key material either from complete WPA/WPA2 handshakes or PMKID packets.
  • send spoofed management beacons to create fake access points or fake client probes.
  • perform authentication wordlist attacks.

The interface only needs to support monitor mode and packet injection, it’ll be bettercap itself to switch it to the right mode, just make sure there aren’t other processes using the same wifi interface.

This modules are natively supported on macOS with the default interface en0. Just make sure the interface is not connected to any WiFi network and then start bettercap with:
sudo bettercap -iface en0

Commands

wifi.recon on

Start 802.11 wireless base stations discovery and handshakes/PMKID capture.

wifi.recon off

Stop 802.11 wireless base stations discovery.

wifi.bruteforce on

Attempts to bruteforce WiFi authentication (see bruteforce specific parameters).

wifi.bruteforce off

Stop previously started bruteforcing.

wifi.clear

Clear all access points collected by the WiFi discovery module.

wifi.recon BSSID

Set 802.11 base station address to filter for.

wifi.recon clear

Remove the 802.11 base station filter.

wifi.assoc BSSID

Send an association request to the selected BSSID in order to receive a RSN PMKID key (use all, * or ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff to iterate for every access point).

wifi.deauth BSSID

Start a 802.11 deauth attack, if an access point BSSID is provided, every client will be deauthenticated, otherwise only the selected client (use all, * or ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff to deauth everything).

wifi.probe BSSID ESSID

Send a fake client probe with the given station BSSID, searching for ESSID.

wifi.show

Show current wireless stations list (default sorting by RSSI).

wifi.show.wps BSSID

Show WPS information about a given station (use all, * or ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff to select all).

wifi.recon.channel CHANNEL

Comma separated list of channels to hop on.

wifi.recon.channel clear

Enable channel hopping on all supported channels.

wifi.ap

Inject fake management beacons in order to create a rogue access point ( requires wifi.recon to run ).

Parameters

parameter default description
wifi.interface If filled, the module will use this interface instead of the one provided by the -iface argument or detected automatically.
wifi.region BO Set the WiFi region to this value before activating the interface.
wifi.txpower 30 Set WiFi transmission power to this value before activating the interface.
wifi.rssi.min -200 Minimum WiFi signal strength in dBm.
wifi.show.manufacturer false If true, wifi.show will also show the devices manufacturers.
wifi.show.filter Defines a regular expression filter for wifi.show.
wifi.show.sort rssi asc Defines sorting field (rssi, bssid, essid, channel, encryption, clients, seen, sent, rcvd) and direction (asc or desc) for wifi.show.
wifi.show.sort asc Defines sorting direction for wifi.show.
wifi.show.limit 0 If greater than zero, defines limit for wifi.show.
wifi.hop.period 250 If channel hopping is enabled (empty wifi.recon.channel), this is the time in millseconds the algorithm will hop on every channel (it’ll be doubled if both 2.4 and 5.0 bands are available).
wifi.handshakes.file ~/bettercap-wifi-handshakes.pcap File path of the pcap file to save handshakes to.
wifi.source.file If set, the wifi module will read from this pcap file instead of the hardware interface.
wifi.skip-broken true If true, dot11 packets with an invalid checksum will be skipped.
wifi.assoc.skip Comma separated list of BSSID to skip while sending association requests.
wifi.assoc.silent false If true, messages from wifi.assoc will be suppressed.
wifi.assoc.open false Send association requests to open networks.
wifi.deauth.skip Comma separated list of BSSID to skip while sending deauth packets.
wifi.deauth.silent false If true, messages from wifi.deauth will be suppressed.
wifi.deauth.open true Send wifi deauth packets to open networks.
wifi.ap.ssid FreeWifi SSID of the fake access point.
wifi.ap.bssid <random mac> BSSID of the fake access point.
wifi.ap.channel 1 Channel of the fake access point.
wifi.ap.encryption true If true, the fake access point will use WPA2, otherwise it’ll result as an open AP.

Bruteforce specific parameters

Parameter Default Description
wifi.bruteforce.stop_at_first true Stop bruteforcing after the first successful attempt.
wifi.bruteforce.target One or more comma separated targets to bruteforce as ESSID or BSSID. Leave empty to bruteforce all visibile access points.
wifi.bruteforce.timeout 15 Timeout in seconds for each association attempt.
wifi.bruteforce.wide false Attempt a password for each access point before moving to the next one.
wifi.bruteforce.wordlist /usr/share/dict/words Wordlist file to use for bruteforcing.
wifi.bruteforce.workers 1 How many parallel workers. WARNING: Some routers will ban multiple concurrent attempts.

Examples

Run bettercap using eth0 as the main interface but start the wifi module on wlan0 instead:

sudo bettercap -iface eth0 -eval "set wifi.interface wlan0; wifi.recon on"

Keep deauthing clients from the access point with BSSID DE:AD:BE:EF:DE:AD every five seconds:

> set ticker.period 5; set ticker.commands "wifi.deauth DE:AD:BE:EF:DE:AD"; ticker on

Use the ticker and wifi.recon modules to create a WiFi scanner (performing channel hopping on every supported frequency):

> set ticker.commands "clear; wifi.show"; wifi.recon on; ticker on

Sort by BSSID and filter for BSSIDs starting with F4:

> set wifi.show.sort bssid asc
> set wifi.show.filter ^F4
> wifi.show

Only recon on channels 1, 2 and 3:

> wifi.recon.channel 1,2,3; wifi.recon on

Will send management beacons as the fake access point “Banana” with BSSID DE:AD:BE:EF:DE:AD on channel 5 without encryption:

> set wifi.ap.ssid Banana
> set wifi.ap.bssid DE:AD:BE:EF:DE:AD
> set wifi.ap.channel 5
> set wifi.ap.encryption false
> wifi.recon on; wifi.ap

Bruteforce using a wordlist:

> set wifi.interface en0
> set wifi.bruteforce.target TargetRouter
> set wifi.bruteforce.wordlist /path/to/your/wordlist.txt
> set wifi.bruteforce.stop_at_first true
> wifi.bruteforce on